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A distributed geospatial approach to describe community characteristics for multisite studies
- Patrick H. Ryan, Cole Brokamp, Jeff Blossom, Nathan Lothrop, Rachel L. Miller, Paloma I. Beamer, Cynthia M. Visness, Antonella Zanobetti, Howard Andrews, Leonard B. Bacharier, Tina Hartert, Christine C. Johnson, Dennis Ownby, Robert F. Lemanske, Heike Gibson, Weeberb Requia, Brent Coull, Edward M. Zoratti, Anne L. Wright, Fernando D. Martinez, Christine M. Seroogy, James E. Gern, Diane R. Gold
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 February 2021, e86
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Understanding place-based contributors to health requires geographically and culturally diverse study populations, but sharing location data is a significant challenge to multisite studies. Here, we describe a standardized and reproducible method to perform geospatial analyses for multisite studies. Using census tract-level information, we created software for geocoding and geospatial data linkage that was distributed to a consortium of birth cohorts located throughout the USA. Individual sites performed geospatial linkages and returned tract-level information for 8810 children to a central site for analyses. Our generalizable approach demonstrates the feasibility of geospatial analyses across study sites to promote collaborative translational research.
The role of sleep difficulties in the vasomotor menopausal symptoms and depressed mood relationships: an international pooled analysis of eight studies in the InterLACE consortium
- Hsin-Fang Chung, Nirmala Pandeya, Annette J. Dobson, Diana Kuh, Eric J. Brunner, Sybil L. Crawford, Nancy E. Avis, Ellen B. Gold, Ellen S. Mitchell, Nancy F. Woods, Joyce T. Bromberger, Rebecca C. Thurston, Hadine Joffe, Toyoko Yoshizawa, Debra Anderson, Gita D. Mishra
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- Journal:
- Psychological Medicine / Volume 48 / Issue 15 / November 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 February 2018, pp. 2550-2561
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Background
Many women experience both vasomotor menopausal symptoms (VMS) and depressed mood at midlife, but little is known regarding the prospective bi-directional relationships between VMS and depressed mood and the role of sleep difficulties in both directions.
MethodsA pooled analysis was conducted using data from 21 312 women (median: 50 years, interquartile range 49−51) in eight studies from the InterLACE consortium. The degree of VMS, sleep difficulties, and depressed mood was self-reported and categorised as never, rarely, sometimes, and often (if reporting frequency) or never, mild, moderate, and severe (if reporting severity). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the bi-directional associations adjusted for within-study correlation.
ResultsAt baseline, the prevalence of VMS (40%, range 13–62%) and depressed mood (26%, 8–41%) varied substantially across studies, and a strong dose-dependent association between VMS and likelihood of depressed mood was found. Over 3 years of follow-up, women with often/severe VMS at baseline were more likely to have subsequent depressed mood compared with those without VMS (odds ratios (OR) 1.56, 1.27–1.92). Women with often/severe depressed mood at baseline were also more likely to have subsequent VMS than those without depressed mood (OR 1.89, 1.47–2.44). With further adjustment for the degree of sleep difficulties at baseline, the OR of having a subsequent depressed mood associated with often/severe VMS was attenuated and no longer significant (OR 1.13, 0.90–1.40). Conversely, often/severe depressed mood remained significantly associated with subsequent VMS (OR 1.80, 1.38–2.34).
ConclusionsDifficulty in sleeping largely explained the relationship between VMS and subsequent depressed mood, but it had little impact on the relationship between depressed mood and subsequent VMS.
Notes on Contributors
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- By Thomas M. Achenbach, Marc H. Bornstein, W. Thomas Boyce, Robert H. Bradley, Kelly Bridges, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Brenda K. Bryant, Sandra L. Calvert, Scott Coltrane, E. Mark Cummings, Stacey B. Daughters, Cindy DeCoste, Marc de Rosnay, Jacquelynne S. Eccles, Hadas Eidelman, Ruth Feldman, Peter Fonagy, Walter S. Gilliam, Andrea L. Gold, Elena L. Grigorenko, Sara Harkness, Sybil L. Hart, Jessica S. Henry, Erika Hoff, Tom Hollenstein, Stephanie M. Jones, Julia Kim-Cohen, Pamela K. Klebanov, Brett Laursen, Mary J. Levitt, Alicia F. Lieberman, Shoon Lio, Jessica F. Magidson, Ann S. Masten, David L. Molfese, Peter J. Molfese, Lynne Murray, Jelena Obradović, Lauren M. Papp, Ross D. Parke, Yaacov Petscher, Aelesia Pisciella, Aliza W. Pressman, Sarah Rabbitt, Craig T. Ramey, Sharon Landesman Ramey, Jessica M. Richards, Robert W. Roeser, Thomas J. Schofield, Ronald Seifer, Anne Shaffer, Michelle Sleed, Laura Stout Sosinsky, Nancy E. Suchman, Charles M. Super, Louis Tuthill, Patricia Van Horn, Eric Vega, Sarah Ward, Monica Yudron
- Edited by Linda Mayes, Yale University, Connecticut, Michael Lewis
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Handbook of Environment in Human Development
- Published online:
- 05 October 2012
- Print publication:
- 27 August 2012, pp ix-xvi
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The DRIFT Directional Dark Matter Experiments
- F. Mayet, D. Santos, E. Daw, A. Dorofeev, J.R. Fox, J.-L. Gauvreau, C. Ghag, L.J. Harmon, J.L. Harton, M. Gold, E.R. Lee, D. Loomba, E.H. Miller, A.St.J. Murphy, S.M. Paling, J.M. Landers, N. Phan, M. Pipe, K. Pushkin, M. Robinson, S.W. Sadler, D.P. Snowden-Ifft, N.J.C. Spooner, D. Walker, D. Warner
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 53 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 February 2012, pp. 11-18
- Print publication:
- 2012
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The current status of the DRIFT (Directional Recoil Identification From Tracks) experiment at Boulby Mine is presented, including the latest limits on the WIMP spin-dependent cross-section from 1.5 kg days of running with a mixture of CS2 and CF4. Planned upgrades to DRIFT IId are detailed, along with ongoing work towards DRIFT III, which aims to be the world’s first 10 m3-scale directional Dark Matter detector.
Contributors
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- By Douglas L. Arnold, Laura J. Balcer, Amit Bar-Or, Sergio E. Baranzini, Frederik Barkhof, Robert A. Bermel, Francois A. Bethoux, Dennis N. Bourdette, Richard K. Burt, Peter A. Calabresi, Zografos Caramanos, Tanuja Chitnis, Stacey S. Cofield, Jeffrey A. Cohen, Nadine Cohen, Alasdair J. Coles, Devon Conway, Stuart D. Cook, Gary R. Cutter, Peter J. Darlington, Ann Dodds-Frerichs, Ranjan Dutta, Gilles Edan, Michelle Fabian, Franz Fazekas, Massimo Filippi, Elizabeth Fisher, Paulo Fontoura, Corey C. Ford, Robert J. Fox, Natasha Frost, Alex Z. Fu, Siegrid Fuchs, Kazuo Fujihara, Kristin M. Galetta, Jeroen J.G. Geurts, Gavin Giovannoni, Nada Gligorov, Ralf Gold, Andrew D. Goodman, Myla D. Goldman, Jenny Guerre, Stephen L. Hauser, Peter B. Imrey, Douglas R. Jeffery, Stephen E. Jones, Adam I. Kaplin, Michael W. Kattan, B. Mark Keegan, Kyle C. Kern, Zhaleh Khaleeli, Samia J. Khoury, Joep Killestein, Soo Hyun Kim, R. Philip Kinkel, Stephen C. Krieger, Lauren B. Krupp, Emmanuelle Le Page, David Leppert, Scott Litwiller, Fred D. Lublin, Henry F. McFarland, Joseph C. McGowan, Don Mahad, Jahangir Maleki, Ruth Ann Marrie, Paul M. Matthews, Francesca Milanetti, Aaron E. Miller, Deborah M. Miller, Xavier Montalban, Charity J. Morgan, Ichiro Nakashima, Sridar Narayanan, Avindra Nath, Paul W. O’Connor, Jorge R. Oksenberg, A. John Petkau, Michael D. Phillips, J. Theodore Phillips, Tammy Phinney, Sean J. Pittock, Sarah M. Planchon, Chris H. Polman, Alexander Rae-Grant, Stephen M. Rao, Stephen C. Reingold, Maria A. Rocca, Richard A. Rudick, Amber R. Salter, Paula Sandler, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, John R. Scagnelli, Dana J. Serafin, Lynne Shinto, Nancy L. Sicotte, Jack H. Simon, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Ryan E. Stagg, James M. Stankiewicz, Lael A. Stone, Amy Sullivan, Matthew Sutliff, Jessica Szpak, Alan J. Thompson, Bruce D. Trapp, Helen Tremlett, Maria Trojano, Orla Tuohy, Rhonda R. Voskuhl, Marc K. Walton, Mike P. Wattjes, Emmanuelle Waubant, Martin S. Weber, Howard L Weiner, Brian G. Weinshenker, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Jeffrey L. Winters, Jerry S. Wolinsky, Vijayshree Yadav, E. Ann Yeh, Scott S. Zamvil
- Edited by Jeffrey A. Cohen, Richard A. Rudick
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- Book:
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics
- Published online:
- 05 December 2011
- Print publication:
- 20 October 2011, pp viii-xii
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Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Notes on Blood-Sucking Flies in the Ilorin Province, Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 29 / Issue 2 / July 1938
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 July 2009, pp. 215-218
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The Nigerian Agricultural Department is endeavouring to find cattle with a sufficiently high degree of natural resistance to trypanosomiasis to enable them to be utilised for mixed farming in the Ilorin Province and elsewhere in the Middle Belt of Nigeria. In April 1935, a herd of West African Shorthorn cattle was obtained from the Gold Coast and these and other animals, purchased in Nigeria, were established at a central stock farm at Ilorin.
Two new Methods of trapping the Cacao Moth (Ephestia cautella)
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 32 / Issue 2 / August 1941
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 July 2009, pp. 123-132
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1. Two new methods of trapping Ephestia cautella adults in cacao stores are described.
2. In the first method, devised by Mr. J. K. B. Lee, broom strands are treated with an adhesive and then suspended from twine in the alleyways between the stacked bags. Mr. Lee heated two parts of coagulated até (derived from the latex of a species of Carpodinus) with one part of palm oil and applied the adhesive, while hot, to the strands. The writer carried out a long series of experiments with various adhesives, with the object of perfecting the broom strand method, and finally came to the conclusion that the best adhesives for general use were those made by heating three parts of coagulated até with one part of either shea butter or palm oil. The adhesive should be allowed to cool before applying it to the strands.
3. It was discovered, in the Port Harcourt area, that carbolic soap solution is an excellent medium for use in dish traps. The writer found that carbolic soap solution caught many more moths than the standard medium used in Nigeria. Several other types of soap, both imported and locally made, proved to be nearly as effective as carbolic soap. The best strength for carbolic soap solution was found to be from 1 to 2 oz. soap per gal. water.
4. The infestation of ground-nuts by Ephestia is discussed, and the opinion is expressed that this could be considerably reduced if it were found practicable to reduce the length of the export season from 12 to 7 months.
Capsid Pests of Cacao in Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 32 / Issue 1 / April 1941
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 83-89
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The Capsid bugs, Sahlbergella singularis, Hagl., S. theobroma, Dist., and Helopeltis bergrothi, Reut., have been recognised as pests of cacao in the Gold Coast for more than 30 years7,8. Whilst there has never been any divergence of opinion as to the major status of Sahlbergella as pests of cacao, this does not appear to be true of Helopeltis. Patterson (see various reports of the Gold Coast Department of Agriculture,17, 18, 19, 20) considered Helopeltis to be a major pest and indicated that damage to shoots, as well as to pods, is frequent; whereas Cotterell3 describes H. bergrothi as a minor pest of cacao and states that “damage to herbaceous shoots is of very rare occurrence.” In 1939 Cotterell6 reported that he had found another Capsid (? Bryocaropsis sp.) to be comparatively widespread on cacao around Tafo.
Further Notes on the Food-plants of Nigerian Insects. III
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 26 / Issue 2 / June 1935
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 263-265
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In 1927 and 1931 the writer published two papers on the food-plants of some Nigerian insects; the present paper contains additional data obtained since 1931. The writer wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to the Imperial Institute of Entomology and the specialists of the Department of Entomology in the British Museum for identifying the insects mentioned and to Messrs J. West and O. J. Voelcker for supplying him with many of the Lepidopterous larvae.
Further Notes on the Food-plants of Nigerian Insects
- F. D. Golding
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 22 / Issue 2 / June 1931
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 221-223
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In 1927 the writer published a paper entitled “ Notes on the food-plants and habits of some Southern Nigerian Insects,” compiled from observations made between 1922 and 1925 ; the present paper contains additional data obtained since 1925.
Further Notes on the Food-plants of Nigerian Insects, VI*
- F. D. Golding
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 38 / Issue 1 / May 1947
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 75-80
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The present paper, which is the last of the series, contains additional data obtained between November 1939 and December 1945.
In 1939, Helopeltis bergrothi, Reut., was found feeding on cacao pods and shoots at Owena by the writer; it was evident that this species was distinct from the cotton Helopeltis, which had been identified as bergrothi by the Imperial Institute of Entomology in 1924. The species attacking cotton is H. sanguineus, Popp., and this name should be substituted for bergrothi in the three papers on food-plants published in 1935, 1937 and 1940.
Notes on the Variegated Grasshopper, Zonocerus Variegatus, L., in Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 30 / Issue 4 / January 1940
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 543-550
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The object of the present paper is to describe the results of some cage experiments with Zonocerus variegatus, L., carried out at Ibadan between March 1932 and December 1937.
The cages used for the breeding experiments were about 2-05 metres in height and were filled with soil to a depth of about 51 cm. The upper part of each cage was made of wire gauze and had a cubic capacity of about 1-43 cubic metres (154 cm. high by 102 cm. by 91 cm.). The grasshoppers were fed on the leaves of sweet cassava (Manihot utiHssima) and water was sprinkled on the food.
Notes on the Bionomics of Cotton Stainers (Dysdercus) in Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 18 / Issue 3 / February 1928
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 319-334
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(1) There are two forms of D. superstitiosus, F., in Nigeria, which are designated banded and spotted forms in the present paper. The banded form appears on cotton earlier in the season than the spotted, and it remains on the crop longer. Migration to cotton is gradual in the case of the banded form, while a sudden influx of migrants of the spotted form commences in October. Many spotted adults migrate to Bombax and Sterculia between January and March, whereas the banded form remains on the cotton until it is uprooted at the end of March. The spotted form is far more numerous than the banded on maize and guinea corn.
(2) There is considerable variation in the colouration of adults of the spotted form; at Ibadan about 99 per cent. of the migrants to cotton are yellow or orange in colour, while the adults of the filial generations produced on cotton are almost always red in colour (a few individuals are deep orange-red). These colour variations are thought to be of seasonal origin.
(3) D. superstitiosus is the most prevalent species on cotton at Ibadan, Ilorin, Oyo, Zaria and Kano; melanoderes is of equal or greater importance in the forest zone at Ilugun and occasionally is numerous at Ibadan; fasciatus is of importance in savannah country at Oyo; haemorrhoidalis is rare on cotton. No evidence has been obtained that any one of these species is a varietal form of another species. Both forms of superstitiosus are widely distributed in Nigeria.
(4) Migration to cotton is induced by the flowering of that crop. The maximum weekly migration has occurred between the weeks ending 15th October and 7th November in five localities in the last three years; viz., at the time of, or soon after, the maximum flowering of the cotton crop. There are indications that there is a tendency for stainers to migrate in a southerly direction, probably as a result of the desiccating harmattan wind from the Sahara.
(5) The principal alternative food-plants of stainers in the Ibadan district are: Bombax sp., Sterculia sp., Hibiscus esculentus, H. sabdariffa, Urena lobata, and Abutilon zanzibaricum. At Ilorin, silk-cotton trees (Bombax), H. esculentus, H. lunariifolius and U. lobata are the most important alternative food-plants.
(6) A rhythm exists in the weekly proportions of the sexes during the cotton season; males predominate among the early migrants to cotton and among the first individuals to mature of each generation. This rhythm appears to be the result of shorter period of post-embryonic development in the case of males than in that of females derived from the same batch of ova.
On the Ecology of Acrididae near Lake Chad
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 25 / Issue 2 / July 1934
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 263-303
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1. The shore of Lake Chad was suspected of being a reservation of both the Migratory Locust and the Red Lcoust. In 1931 a preliminary survey of the shore was made, as a result of which it was tentatively concluded that about one-half or less of the shore of British Chad may offer conditions suitable for the production of swarms of the Migratory Locust from the solitary phase. The Red Locust was present only in the southern half of the shore. A village named Kalkala, at the south-western corner of the Lake, was selected as the most suitable locality in which to carry out ecological research.
2. The ecology of the two species of locusts and of about 60 other species of ACRIDIDAE was studied at Kalkala during the first six months of 1933. A description is given of agricultural and climatic conditions in the Kalkala area and some notes on the hydrography of Lake Chad are included. The vegetation, soils, fauna and microclimates of the habitats frequented by ACRIDIDAE are described.
3. Collections of Acrididae were made each month in all the principal habitats. It was found that the Acridinae occurred principally in the wettest habitats and that this subfamily exhibited a small degree of ecological plasticity. The Oedipodinae consisted chiefly of geophilous species which were most abundant on bare soil in farm-land. The Pyrgomorphinae were most abundant in two non-gramineous habitats, but were not uncommon in Cynodon dactylon; one species was associated with Calotropis procera. The Catantopinae showed a greater degree of ecological plasticity than did any of the other subfamilies; the majority of the species encountered were most abundant in the drier habitats.
4. Bionomical notes are given for the majority of the species of Acrididae met with in 1931 and 1933 in the Chad area. Evidence was obtained that many species of Catantopinae have a prolonged imaginal diapause. Certain species of Acridinae and Catantopinae are characterised by an embryonic diapause during the hottest months of the year, and one species of Pyrgomorphinae has a nymphal diapause during the early part of the dry season.
5. The Red Locust frequents tall grass habitats from November to the end of April, the adults then gradually move to short grass and farm-land and begin to breed in late June. The imaginal diapause lasts from early October to late July. Biometrical examinations of adults and other data indicate that the Red Locust is in phase transiens (congregans). There is no evidence that swarms have left the Chad area. It seems probable that conditions in this area are unsuitable for the production of phase gregaria.
6. The solitary phase of the Migratory Locust was present in the survey area throughout the six months; it was never numerous and decreased steadily in numbers from January to June in spite of the fact that it was breeding from late February to June. The decrease in numbers is thought to have been due, chiefly, to the attacks of the Carmine Bee-eater and to bush fires.Phase transiens (dissocians) was found until mid-March; there is no doubt that most of the locusts present were derived from the survivors of hopper bands which had been baited or trenched in the autumn of 1932. Swarms arrived in late May and early June and repopulated the area. The principal habitats of the Migratory Locust were Cynodon dactylon, Brachiaria ramosa and Chloris gayana. The scarcity of this species in the southern half of Chad indicated that this area is unlikely to be a reservation; but research over a number of years is necessary to confirm this opinion.
A new Method of trapping Flies
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 37 / Issue 1 / June 1946
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 143-154
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(1) An adhesive made from 3 or 4 parts (according to the temperature) of the coagulated latex of Carpodinus hirsuta and I part of either shea butter (from Butyrospermum parkii) or palm oil (from Elaeis guineënsis) was found to be very effective against both house-flies in kitchens and Stomoxys spp. in pig pens.
(2) In kitchens, wires (diameter 4 mm.) were treated with the adhesive and suspended over the table on which food was prepared. The wires should be renewed every three or four days when flies are abundant and once a week when the infestation is light.
(3) At Ibadan in 1943, house-flies were abundant from early March to late July; the maximum house-fly infestation of both kitchens and pig pens occurred during the second week of May. The upward trend in adult incidence first became evident in mid-February of both 1943 and 1944 and appeared to be correlated with a rise in temperature at that time.
(4) Ten wires treated with adhesive were suspended under the eaves of each pig pen. Each pen consisted of a covered pen and an open yard divided by a half-wall; a screen made of oil palm fronds was erected above the half-wall with the object of making the innerpen sufficiently dark to deter flies from entering it. About half a million flies (about 27·5 per cent. Stomoxys spp.) were trapped in12 pens in a period of 112 weeks.
(5) Stomoxys spp. (principally S. nigra, Macq.) were abundant between early June and mid-August in 1943 and between early June and late November in 1944. In 1943 there was a short dry season between 25th July and 12th September, whilst in 1944 there was no break in the rains. There is a marked correlation between rainfall and the incidence of S. nigra. Heavy rainfall soaks straw round the stock-yards, heaps of weeds, etc., which decompose and provide suitable media for larval development.
Notes on Helopeltis sanguineus, Popp., on Cotton in Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 36 / Issue 1 / March 1946
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 75-78
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In 1925, the writer (2) described some experiments that demonstrated the rôle of Helopeltis as a pest of cotton at Ibadan, Nigeria. Evidence was obtained that attack was greater on the improved indigenous Ishan (Gossypium barbadense, formerly described as G. vitifolium) than on either American Allen (G. hirsutum) or the ordinary native cotton (G. peruvianum).
Notes on the Food-plants and Habits of some Southern Nigerian Insects
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 18 / Issue 1 / September 1927
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 95-99
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The object of the present paper is to place on record a number of observations made by the writer in the Ibadan district of Southern Nigeria in the years 1922 to 1925, in the hope that they may be of some interest to other workers in Africa.
The writer wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to Dr. G. A. K. Marshall and the specialists of the Department of Entomology in the British Museum for identifying the insects mentioned, and to Dr. A. W. Hill, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, for determining the majority of the plants.
Fruit-piercing Lepidoptera in Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 36 / Issue 2 / June 1946
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 181-184
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Damage to citrus fruits by Noctuid moths is known to occur at Ibadan and Agege (about 14 miles north of Lagos). The majority of the observations recorded in this paper were made on Moor Plantation, Ibadan, during the 1938 and 1939 seasons. Box (1942) describes the crop ripening, in the Gold Coast, between April and August as the Main crop, and that ripening between September and December as the Mid crop; in Nigeria, the bulk of the citrus ripens during the latter period, which is known as the Main crop. In this paper the terms wet season and dry season crops are employed.
Sodium Fluosilicate as a Poison against the Hoppers of Locusta migratoria migratorioides, R. & F., in Nigeria
- F. D. Golding
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 23 / Issue 4 / December 1932
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 449-461
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(1) For the first time sodium fluosilicate has been tested as a poison against the hoppers of Locusta migratoria migratorioides. This poison was found to be as effective as sodium arsenite in baits when used at the same concentration, viz., 2·44%, but was slower in its action. When guinea-corn bran is used as the carrier it is necessary to add salt to the bait as an attractant; the reason for this is not known, fluosilicate baits containing sawdust, chopped hay and chaff from cereal crops respectively were effective without salt being added.
(2) From an examination of the results of experimental work on the relative toxicities of sodium fluosilicate and arsenical compounds to domesticated animals in various parts of the world, it is concluded that the former is less toxic to stock, but that the increased degree of safety acquired through the use of sodium fluosilicate is not so great as is popularly supposed. A definite advantage of baits containing fluosilicate is that they are repellent to many animals, whereas baits containing sodium arsenite are attractive to stock.